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Tuesday, October 9, 2007

How to speed up your computer


Everyone has experienced a slow pc at some point in their life. It can be one of the most frustrating things in the world when it takes ages to open applications or perform simple tasks. There are things in which you can do to keep the speed of the pc in good condition.

Firstly the main thing to check for is the processor, a processor can only handle so much and once it reaches its peak there’s not much you can do. By upgrading this component you can guarantee that the performance will be increase but this may entail more components needing to be upgraded such as the mother board. You can check the diagnostics of your computer by typing ‘perfmon’ in the run utility located on the start menu.

Upgrading the processor can be a very costly task if you need to upgrade your mother board as well, always check before you buy anything so you are fully aware of what needs doing and how much it will cost you. If you’re on a budget there are other methods of speeding up the performance of your computer.

You need to ensure that your computer has sufficient memory in order to perform multiple tasks at the same time. If you were to have insufficient memory your computer would begin to use the hard disk space as memory, this will significantly slow down your pc as the hard disk runs at a much slower speed. You also have the potential to over work your processor as it will be reading and writing to the hard disk.

If you have an old hard disk then you are advised to upgrade that as the newer Serial ATA hard disks run at a much faster speed which will boost the performance of your pc. You have to ensure your computer is capable of having Serial ATA as not every processor can handle it.

If you are on a really tight budget and cannot afford to spend money upgrading components there are still ways you can slightly speed up the computer on a whole. You can go through the add/remove programs list and remove anything that you don’t need anymore, these programs are wasting space on your hard drive. The more space you have the more chance of your pc running smooth and problem free.

Always ensure you run the defrag tool on a regular basis to ensure that your hard drive isn’t clutter and will run at optimised speeds.


About the Author: Andy Tao

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Friday, October 5, 2007

Monday, October 1, 2007

GPCRs: Exploring New Paradigms


As one of the largest and most diverse protein families in nature, the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily play important roles in a variety of biological and pathological processes such as development and proliferation, neuromodulation, angiogenesis, metabolic disorders, inflammation, and viral infection. Not surprisingly, it is one of the most targeted protein families in pharmaceutical research today (Schlyer 2006).

All members of this superfamily share a similar seven transmembrane domain, but are grouped on the basis of shared sequence motifs into the following broad classes:

Class A Rhodopsin-like
Class B Secretin-like
Class C Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone
Class D Fungal pheromone
Class E cAMP receptors
Frizzled/Smoothened
Vomeronasal receptors
Putative/unclassified

The pharmaceutical industry has focused on development of modulators to this protein family, but GPCRs also represent an attractive target as biomarkers. Recent studies have implicated endothelin receptors, chemokine receptors and lysophosphatidic acid receptors in tumorgenesis and metastasis, and a recent in silico analysis found a number of GPCRs that were up-regulated in various cancers which suggests not only targets of therapeutic value, but of diagnostic and prognostic value as well. A summary of these up-regulated receptors is below.

Lung cancer
Edg2, P2Y purinoceptor 6, PAR-2, PAR-3, GPR68
Breast cancer
CCR1, CXCR-4, PAR-2
Prostate cancer
Beta 2 adrenergic receptor, CXCR-3, CXCR-4, GPR68
Melanoma
Edg6, PAR-2, mGluR1
Gastric cancer
CXCR-4, P2Y purinoceptor 5
Lymphoma
Beta 2 adrenergic receptor, Edg1, CCR7

While research continues, it is evident that GPCRs are critical in countless biological functions--and disfunctions. While the emphasis is on their role in drug development, it is becoming increasingly clear that G-protein coupled receptors will play a critical role as indicators of disease with diagnostic and prognostic potential. IMGENEX carries over 900 IHC, WB, and flow validated GPCR antibodies. View our complete GPCRs antibody list grouped by class and family. Also see our complete list of Tissue Microarray slides--perfect for GPCR localization.


About the Author: IMGENEX India Pvt Ltd. the only biotech company in Orissa and one of its kinds in Eastern India. IMGENEX India started in Oct as an outsourcing branch of IMGENEX Corporation,San Diego, USA. Find out more information about GPCRs.